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Spark erosion method is an efficient metal processing technology that occupies an important position in the manufacturing industry due to its unique processing principles and wide application fields. This article will explore the basic principles, main features, and application fields of spark erosion method to provide you with strong support for a comprehensive understanding of this technology.
Spark erosion method is a technology that uses the instantaneous high temperature, high pressure, and high-speed characteristics of electric sparks to partially process metal materials. This method achieves precise erosion of the material by generating high-voltage discharges between the electrode and the workpiece to form an instantaneous high-temperature plasma. Spark erosion method works through the following steps:
Spark erosion method forms an electric field between the electrode and the metal workpiece. The presence of the electric field accelerates electrons to energy levels that are sufficient to disrupt the molecular structure of the air.
When the voltage between the electrode and the workpiece is high enough, air molecules get ionized to form high-temperature plasma. The resulting electric spark has a temperature high enough to melt and vaporize the metal on the surface of the workpiece.
Under the action of high-temperature plasma, physical and chemical reactions occur on the surface of the workpiece, forming fine pit structures. These fine pits ultimately achieve the processing goal for the workpiece.
Spark erosion method can process within micron levels, suitable for handling materials with minute and complex structures. Its processing precision can reach ±0.01mm, ensuring high-quality processing results.
This method can process various metal materials, including hard alloys, high-speed steel, tungsten steel, and stainless steel. Regardless of the hardness of the material, spark erosion method can effectively process it, significantly improving the performance and lifespan of the material.
Compared to traditional processing methods, spark erosion method requires simpler equipment, needing only electrodes, a power source, and a control system, making the overall cost relatively low. Additionally, this method does not generate macroscopic cutting forces, reducing material waste and processing losses.
In the field of mold manufacturing, spark erosion method is widely used in processing precision molds such as punching molds, die-casting molds, and plastic molds. This method can effectively handle complex shapes and small holes in molds.
In the field of aviation manufacturing, spark erosion method is used for processing key components, such as aircraft engine blades and nozzles. Its high precision and high reliability ensure the performance and safety of aviation components.
Spark erosion method also plays an important role in automobile parts manufacturing, such as processing engine valve seats, rotors, and transmission gears. This method can handle high-hardness materials, ensuring the long-term stability and durability of automotive parts.
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